TRANSBOUNDARY ISSUES RELATED TO THE ASSESSMENT OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT IMPACT ON AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM (WITH APPLICATION TO BALTIC NPP, RUSSIAN FEDERATION)

E. M. Kaplan*,***, A. A. Shvarts*,***, E. V. Luneva**, M. E. Makushenko*,***,

V. G. Rumynin*,***
* St. Petersburg Division, Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences, Srednii pr. 41, VO, St. Petersburg, 199044 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ** JSC Rosenergoatom Branch, Directorate for Baltic NPP under Construction, Neman,
P.О Box 820, Kaliningrad oblast, 238710 Russia
*** Institute of Earth Sciences, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, St. Peters burg, 199034 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Although the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (the Espoo Convention) has not been ratified by the Russian Federation, in international practice, the environmental assessment of newly designed and engineered nuclear power plants in cross-border regions should comply with the main provisions of the Convention. In particular, methods and criteria applied in the assessment should be consistent with international regulations and environmental standards. In this context, parameters of water quality for fish life and methods for assessment of the planned industrial activity impact on aquatic ecosystems in Russia, Lithuania (EU) and Belarus have been compared. The computer model of the Neman river basin has been created to simulate the influence of water discharge from the Baltic NPP on physicochemical parameters and temperature of the river water. The data of transboundary monitoring system organized within the probable NPP influence area throughout the territories of Russia, Lithuania and Belarus were used in the forecast. Model results provided the basis for the assessment of the impact of the Baltic NPP on fish resources of the Neman river basin.

Keywords: environmental impact assessment, international environmental conventions, nuclear power plant, monitoring, Baltic NPP, simulation, water bioresources, thermal contamination.

PROBLEMS IN OPERATION OF DRAINAGE WATER REINJECTION SYSTEM AT MIR PIPE AND OPEN PIT

A. V. Drozdov*, G. N. Genzel**

*Yakutniproalmaz Institute, ALROSA JSC, ul. Lenina 39, Mirny, 678170 Russia.
E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
**NOVOTEK Research Center, pr. B. Khmelnitskogo 131, Belgorod, 308002 Russia.
E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Cryohydrogeological conditions of pipe Mir and the site of drainage brines pumping have been considered, as well as specific features of protecting underground mining operations from water influx. Forecast has been made for the reinjection system operation at the open pit and the mine drainage runoff using digital modeling to provide further development of the deposit for short-term and average-term prospects without significant harm to environment.

Keywords: diamond deposit, drainage brines, subpermafrost water-bearing complex, reinjection, hydrodynamic model.

ENGINEERING GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOILS ALONG THE ROUTE OF THE NEW KOZHUKHOVSKAYA LINE OF MOSCOW METRO

V. I. Osipov, Yu. A. Mamaev, A. A. Yastrebov, L. V. Kanaeva

Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences
Ulanskii per, 13, bid. 2. Moscow, 101000 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Engineering geological conditions are characterized briefly in the area of construction of the new Kozhukhovskaya metro line in the east of Moscow. The peculiarities of geological profile along the route are considered. The generalized features of composition, state and properties of soils important for the designing and construction of underground facilities are given.

Keywords: geological structure, physico-mechanical and corrosion properties of soils.

POLLUTION WITH TRACE ELEMENTS AND THEIR DYNAMICS IN SOILS OF SOUTHERN RUSSIA

V. V. Dyachenko, I. Yu. Matasova

Novorossiysk Polytechnic Institute, Branch of the Kuban State University of Technology ul.Karla Marksa 20, Novorossiysk, 353900 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The article analyses the monitoring results of chemical elements in soil landscapes of the southern Russian Federation. The investigations have been carried out for over 30 years, which allowed numerous testing of soils in different regions and generating the database comprising more than 9000 samples. The study testified to an increase in the concentrations of chemical elements in the soils as a result of both the global pollution and the impact of particular technogenic objects. The concentrations of W, Zn, Cr, Pb and Ni elements increase most intensely in soils.

Keywords: soils, trace elements, landscapes, pollution, darks, monitoring.

ASSESSMENT OF ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT ON RIVER BASINS IN KUZBASS MINING AREAS

E. L. Schastlivtsev, A. A. Bykov, N. I. Yukina, S. G. Pushkin

Institute of computational technologies, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Rukavishnikova 21, Kemerovo, 650025 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The total pollution caused by spreading and fallout of atmospheric aerosols in the river catchment areas of coal mining region is estimated. The contribution of the emission produced by a single coal mine to the total fallout in the considered territory is assessed. Different types of water pollution in the coal-mining region are analyzed, the principal pollutants are identified and their contribution to the quality of river water is revealed.

Keywords: anthropogenic impact, basins, computational models, deposition of pollutants, assessment of water quality.

FRESH WATER QUALITY IN MINSK AND MOSCOW AGGLOMERATIONS: CURRENT STATE, CHANGE TRENDS, MANAGEABILITY

I. V. Galitskaya*, V. I. Pashkevich**, G. I. Batrak*

*Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences
Ulanskii per., 13, Moscow, 101000 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
**Institute for Nature Management of NAS Belarus,
ul. Skoriny, Minsk, 220114 Republic of Belarus

The current state of fresh water quality in Minsk and Moscow city agglomerations, the main factors of chemical composition formation, and their manageability are considered. Upon assessing the groundwater ecology in Minsk city agglomeration, a regular increase in anthropogenic pollution of the main target intermoraine Dnieper-Sozh aquifer is noted. The data analysis allows us to reveal a close relationship between the ground-water contamination and the ecological conditions in the areas around wells. When analyzing the situation in the Moscow city agglomeration, we pay special attention to the changing groundwaler quality in Carboniferous aquifers due to the contaminants ingress triggered by the economic development of this territory and the intensifying overflow of both contaminated surface- and groundwater at water intake. The recommendations for groundwater quality management in urban agglomerations are given.

Keywords: groundwater, contamination, nitrogen compounds, heavy metals, radionuclides.

IDENTIFICATION OF HYDROGEOLOGICAL WINDOWS BASED ON THE LARGE-SCALE MAPPING OF GEOLOGICAL AND HYDROGEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN MOSCOW

I. A. Pozdniakova, I. V. Galitskaya, O. K. Mironov, I. A. Kostikova, A. L. Dorozko,

G. I. Batrak, L. A. Matveeva, K. I. Fesel
Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geosсience, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulanskii per. 13, bid. 2, Moscow, 101000 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The original technique of mapping hydrogeological windows is based on the study of geological structure of the massif overlaying the Podol'sko-Myachkovskii aquifer, changes in hydrodynamic and hydro-geochemical conditions in the zone of "windows"; as well as time calculation of vertical contaminants transfer from the Meso-Cenozoic to Podol'sko- Myachkovskii Carboniferous aquifer. Not only the spatial and vertical distribution of low permeable clay in Moscow area, but also variation in its thickness and permeability are taken into account. The results obtained can be used in groundwater protection upon regulating economic activities in the areas with hydrogeological windows.

Keywords: hydrogeological windows, contamination, calculations of vertical filtration, information technology, lineaments, geodynamically active zones, large-scale mapping.

INVESTIGATION OF KARST RELIEF IN THE EASTERN PART OF LAGO-NAKI PLATEAU BY LIDAR AND HIGH-RESOLUTION AIRBORN IMAGES

T. V. Orlov, S. A. Sadkov

Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulanskii per. 13, bid. 2, Moscow, 101000 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Light Detection and Ranging scanner (LIDAR) provides precise information about current slate of relief even for densely forested areas. Ground surface point clouds were used to create raster digital elevation models (DEM) of two study areas at Lago-Naki plateau (Krasnodar krai and Republic of Adygea, Russia). Karst depression patterns were investigated using DEM based on LIDAR data and airborn images analyzed by means of open software. SAGA GIS was used for rasterizing LIDAR data and calculating morphometric indices. Image J software was used for Fourier transformation and two-dimensional bandpass filter functions. The current state of karst relief patterns was explored by methods of mathematical morphology of landscapes.

Keywords: karst, LIDAR, digital elevation model, relief morphometry, mathematical morphology of landscapes, Image J.

GEOECOLOGICAL FACTOR AND EFFICIENCY OF DESIGN SOLUTIONS

V. G. Zaikanov*, T. B. Minakova*, I. S. Savisko*, L. U. Moldavskaya **

Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulanskii per. 13, bid. 2,
Moscow, 101000 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
'* Central Research and Design Institute for Town Planning, Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, pr. Vernadskogo 29, Moscow, Russia.

The role of geoecological factor is considered in taking an optimal design solution for the perspective development of the region. The methodical approach to the transition from the geoecological assessment of the current state in the region to the perspective status is proposed taking into account various design solutions. The method has been approved in the areas of "Losiny ostrov" and "Smolenskoe poozerie" national parks. Comparison of the design alternatives showed the advantages of taking geoecological factor into account upon choosing the optimal solution.

Keywords: geoecological factor, efficiency of design solutions, optimal option, prospective development, region.