FUNDAMENTALS OF THE CONCEPT ON GEODYNAMIC SAFETY OF ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS ENGINEERING STRUCTURES

V. M. Makeev*, N. V. Makarova**, V. N. Ledenev***, A. L. Dorozhko*,

N. V. Sukhanova**, E. A. Kadova*, I. V. Korobova*
* Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Ulanskii per.13, bld. 2, Moscow, 101000 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
** Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1, Moscow, 119991 Russia.
E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
*** Atomenergoproekt JSC, pi. Svobody 3, Nizhnii Novgorod, 603000 Russia.
E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

An experience in the study of territories of nuclear power plants (NPP) belonging to GK Rosatom, as well as other highly responsible engineering structures permitted the authors to formulate the basic conceptual positions for ensuring their geodynamic safety. This concept assumes three main factors to be analyzed: (1) structural formational (geological); (2) neotectonic (structural geomorphological), and (3) structural geodynamic. The concept is based on the ideas about the evolution of deep geodynamic systems of various ranks; these ideas were previously forwarded by V.I. Makarov and further developed by other researchers.

Keywords: structural geomorphological and substance-structural zoning; neotectonic structures; structural geodynamic conditions; bending deformation; faults; geodynamically active zones; lineaments.

ACCUMULATION OF SOLUBLE AND LOW SOLUBLE FORMS OF METALS IN SNOW OF THE TAIGA ZONE IN THE EUROPEAN NORTH EAST OF RUSSIA

M. I. Vasilevich, V. A. Beznosikov, В. М. Kondratenok

Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,
ul. Kommunisticheskaya, 28, Syktyvkar, Komi Republic, 167982 Russia.
E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
The quantitative chemical analysis of snow cover was performed for the background territories of taiga zone in the European northeast of Russia (Komi Republic). The comparative analysis of chemical composition of soluble and insoluble melt-water phases, as well as the studied composition of atmospheric aerosol and soil organogenic horizons showed that the chemical composition of snow cover in the investigated territory is controlled mainly by the far distance transport of substances. The coefficients of enrichment of melt water and atmospheric aerosols with elements are calculated. The accumulation of metals in snow, aerosol and soils is estimated.
LONG-TERM FORECAST OF CLIMATE CHANGES IN THE LOCATION AREA OF REPOSITORY FOR HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTES (Yeniseysky site, the rasnoyarsk region)
В. Т. Kochkin
Institute of geology of ore deposits, petrography, mineralogy and geochemistry,
Russian Academy of Sciences (IGEM RAS), Staromonetny per 35, Moscow, 119017 Russia.
E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The article proposes the decision on the justification of long-term climate variability in the region of the planned geological repository for high-level radioactive wastes in the vicinity of Zheleznogorsk (the south of Krasnoyarsk region). The author examines the results of instrumental observations of the climate of the Northern hemisphere, the trends in its variability, the uncertainties in the results of modern prognostic models of global climate, as well as the available geological data about past climates of the repository district. The decision consists in selecting past geological climate analogues, which meet the main trends in the evolution of the upcoming climates. The article characterizes the main landscape-climatic conditions in the repository region for different periods of the distant future.

Keywords: high-level radioactive wastes, geological repository, safety assessment, climate long-term prediction.

SUBSTANTIATION OF LANDSLIDE HAZARD CRITERIA IN THE AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR LANDSLIDE MONITORING ON THE MZYMTA RIVER SLOPES

V. I. Osipov, G. P. Postev, A. I. Kazeev

Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences
Ulanskii per. 13, bld. 2, Moscow, 101000 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Effective protective measures and the arrangement of automatic monitoring system of landslide deformations on the slopes of Mzymta river valley for ensuring the safe functioning of the "Adler -Alpika-Service" railway should take into account the specific mechanism of landslide development, as well as the landslide hazard criteria. Acceleration of landslide motion over 24 mm/day poses danger to engineering structure.

Keywords: landslide hazard, automated landslide monitoring, landslide mechanism, landslide hazard criteria, displacement speed, extensometer, inclinometer, Mzymta River valley.

GEODYNAMICALLY ACTIVE ZONES AND LINEAMENTS IN MOSCOW AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL ROLE

A. L. Dorozhko, V. M. Makeev, G. I. Batrak, I. A. Pozdniakova

Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience RAS,
Ulanskii per. 13, bld. 2, Moscow, 101000 Russia. E-mail: a This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

A large-scale structural-geodynamic research was accomplished for the territory of Moscow (within the Moscow Ring Road) in order to detect the platform zones of neotectonic stresses and deformation concentrations (geodynamically active zones). The environmental importance of such zones was assessed. Lineaments of different age were distinguished in the modern topography as well as in the buried preQuaternary and preMesozoic surfaces. These buried surfaces were reconstructed on the basis of more than 85000 borehole data. The data obtained now and the results of previous research permitted us to substantiate outlining of two geodynamically active zones, i.e., Moskvoretskaya and Likhoborskaya zones. Geohazards (karst, karst-suffosion, landslides, and underground water pollution) were proved to be related to these zones.

Keywords: geodynamically active zones, lineaments, neotectonic structures, karst and karst-suffosion processes, underground water, hydrodynamic conditions, pollution, hydrogeological windows.

THE INFLUENCE OF MICROBIAL RESPIRATORY ACTIVITY AND BIOMASS ON THE STRESS-STRAIN PROPERTIES OF SAND IN THE MOSCOW REGION

P. V. Ivanov*, N. A. Manucharova**, A. D. Safiullina*

*Department of Geology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow,
119992 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
**Department of Soil Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow,
119992 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The paper shows the time behavior of stress-strain properties of sand in the Moscow region during the 30-day-long microbial succession. The succession was induced by a single-shot glucose moistening. The time behavior of bacteria, actinomycete and fungi biomass is discussed. The tests on carbon dioxide emission allowed us to estimate the respiratory activity of the microbial complex as well as the overall microbial activity in these soils. The influence of these processes on soil properties is discussed. The maximum of biomass and respiratory activity is registered at the 7-9th days of succession. At this time, the cohesion ratios of all samples increase, whereas the values of internal friction angles decrease. During the following succession, some samples manifest a rise in the stress-strain characteristics; one sample showed a decrease in the angle of internal friction and an increase in the cohesion ratio through all the succession period.

Keywords: sand, microorganisms, stress-strain properties, strain properties, microbial processes.

CONCEPT OF GEODYNAMICAL MONITORING OF OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY OBJECTS IN THE BARENTS SEA REGION

N. N. Melnikov, A. I. Kalashnik, E. V. Kasparian, N. A. Kalashnik

Mining Institute, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences,
ul. Fersmana 24, Apatity, 184209 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The paper discusses the authors' methodical approaches to and the concept of geodynamical monitoring of oil and gas objects in the Barents Sea region. This concept takes into account the regional tectonic-physical features; it includes in-situ measurements of geodynamically hazardous zones using relevant control methods, prediction calculations and modelling, expert assessment of natural and human impact on oil and gas objects in order to predict and reveal the signs of hazardous deformation processes for making decisions and taking preventive measures. Compliance of structure, operability and complexity of geodynamical monitoring to stages (phases) of operational life of oil and gas objects appears to be an important and obligatory condition in the concept.

Keywords: oil and gas objects, Barents Sea, environment, geodynamical risks, monitoring.

BOREHOLE CORRELATION AS A TOOL OF DATABASE ANALYSIS

О. К. Mironov

Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulanskii per. 13, bld. 2, Moscow, 101000 Russia. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Borehole correlation diagrams are used for database analysis. Each point at the correlation diagram between two boreholes corresponds to their common layer. Under undisturbed conditions, these points lie close to a straight line. The local fluctuations should be insignificant. Substantial deviations from a straight line may be explained by either the presence of some geological anomaly (fault, buried erosion valley ets.), data error, or misinterpretation. The method is applied for the analysis of Moscow boreholes database.

Keywords: correlation, borehole database, erosion valley, correlation diagram.